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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. N. BODINE & 0. SMITH.

DIRT CART.

Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

INVENTOR:

WITNESSES:

N. PETERS. PhWLflhDgrApher. Wnhingtnn. nc.

(No Model.)

' 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. N. BODINE & 0. SMITH.

DIRT CART. No. 329,703.

Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

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WITJVESSES:

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. N. BODINE 8v 0. SMITH.

DIRT CART. No. 329,703. Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. N. BODINE 8: 0. SMITH.

' DIRT CART. No. 329,703. Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

' UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J NIXON BODIN E AND OBERLIN SMITH, OF BRIDGETON, NEWV JERSEY; SAID SMITH ASSIGNOR TO SAID BODINE.

DIRT-CART.

.JEECIFICATIOIY' forming part of Letters Patent No. 329,703, dated November 3, 1885.

Application filed March 16, 1885. Serial No. 159,051. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J. NIXON BODINE and OBERLIN SMITH, citizens of the United States,

residing at Bridgeton, in the county of Gumberland and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dirt-Carts, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side view of our improved dirt-cart with the dirt-box in position for filling. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a front view, the shafts being broken away. Fig. 4' is a partial view showing the dirt-box elevated for transportation. Fig. 5 is apartial view showing the dirt-box dumped. Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal section of the dirt-box. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the same, taken on line to m, Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 6. Figs. 8 and 9 are details. Fig. 10 is a detail, enlarged, on line y 3 Fig. 1. Figs. 11, 12, and 13 illustrate in detail portions of the mechanism by which the dirt-box'is elevated and lowered, Fig. 11 being a side view from the outside, Fig. 12 a similar View, parts being broken away, and Fig. 13 a top plan View.

Similarletters of referenceindicatelike parts in all the figures.

A A A A constitute a cranka ile, the wheels B B being mounted on the parts A A of the axle, as is common in this class of machines. (J O are yokes or bracket-loops projecting upwardly and rearwardly from the vertical 5 parts A'of the crank-axle, and c c are grooved wheels or pulleys pivoted in the yokes.

D D are the shafts or thills, secured at their rear ends to the crank-axle by anyconv enient or approved means, and D D are braces con- 0 necting the shafts with the upper part of the crank-axle.

E E is a disk or plate, preferably circular, and provided with a laterally-projecting tubular hub, (see particularly Fig. 10,) which has two chain-grooves, e c, and a ratchet-wheel, to be referred to. This flange and grooved sleeve or hollow hub are mounted loosely upon a tubular sleeve of a ratchet-wheel, G, (see particularly Fig. 10,) which in turn is mounted upon one of ,the axle ends A, and is secured 5 0 to the spokes b of the carrying-wheel B by bolts, 12, so as to rotate with said Wheel.

F (see particularly Figs. 1, 2, and 8) is a locking-lever pivoted at f to the plate E, and provided with a jaw adapted to take into the ratchet-wheel G.

Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, a clear understanding of the means for holding the jaw of lever F out of engagement with the teeth of wheel G may be had, Fig. 8 being a face view 6 of the ratchet-wheel G and the lever F, looking from the inside, plate E' being removed, but its position indicated by dotted lines, and Fig. 9 being a sectional View on the line as 'I, Fig. 8. e e is a latch-loop, the longer arm c of which is firmly attached to the plate E, and is provided at its upper end with a bent portion, to which is loosely connected the catch 6 the two parts, when in the position shown 0 in Fig. 9, forming a loop, in which lies the lever F. By moving catch 6 outward the lever F will be released and will fall until its jaw engages with a tooth on wheel G, when wheel G, lever F, and plate E will be locked 7 together until .the lever is again released, in a manner to be described.

H is the dirt-boX, open at its front edge and preferably shod with metal at that point, and having also a. hinged door at its rear end for the escape of the dirt. This rear end and the adjacent sides of the box should be provided with hooks or latches, as is customary in this class of machines.

H H are chains, each attached at its lowerend to the front end of the dirt box and at its upper end to a shaft, K, mounted upon the shaft-s or thills D of the cart, the shaft K being so constructed that the chains can be wound up upon it to regulate the position of 0 the front side of the dirt-box, so as to properly regulate the distance which the front edge of the dirt-box can fall below the shafts.

H H are chains, each attached at its lowerend to the rear end of the dirt-box and at its upper end to the crank-axle. v I I are slotted guides, one arranged at either end of the dirt-box and in a vertical or J (see particularyFigs. 1, 3, 4, and 5) is a hanger sliding in one of the grooved guides, and having at its lower enda bearingin which is mounted one of the gudgeons j of the dirt box. one of. the lifting-chains, J, being connected to the upper end of this guide J, and passing thence over the grooved pulleys c, thence over the groove rain the sleeve or tubularbearing of the plate E, where it may be secured by a bolt similar to that shown at E, Fig. 10. The other lifting-chain, J is attached at its lower end to the other gudgeon j of the dirt box, which projects through one of the slotted guides, the upper end of this lifting-chain being'attaohed to a bolt, E, in the groove 0. (See Fig. 10.)

M is atripper projecting laterally from one of the upright parts. A, of the crank-axle, (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3,) to engage witha cor-- responding laterally-projecting spur, f, on the lever F, as will he explained; or, if preferred, the tripper M may project from oneof' the slotted guides.

n is a pawl-lever pivoted to the crank-axle and taking into the ratchet-wheel N, which is formed integrally with or rigidly attached tothe inner end of the sleeveot' plateE.

O O are draft-chains, each attached at its rear end to the dirt-box, preferably near a front upper corner, andadjustablyconnected with a loop or elongated eye,p, at thelower side ofa plate or hanger, P, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) said hanger sliding upon a bar or way, Q.

'nnachine, there being, as indicated 'in Fig. 2, adevioe of this sort upon the outer face of each thill.

0 is a hook attached to the front end ot'each ofthe chains 0, whereby the position of the hangers P relative to the front end of the dirtbox may be adjusted.

r is a hook projecting upward from the hanger P to receive one end of a chain-which runs over the saddle of the harness.

'R is the chain attached to the harnes or collar of the shaft-horsaand S is achain running to the whiflletree of the lead-horse or helper, when one is used,- there being similar devices on both sides of the horse.

It will be seen that the latchLhas two jaws, ll, on its under surface, and is pivoted at Z to the inner face of the hangerJin an inclined po-' sition, so that its weight causes it to rest upon the pin or stud h ,-which projects from the end of V the dirt-box. There-are similarlockingdatches upon, both sides of the dirt-box, with their substantially-horizontal handles or extensions projecting rearwardly toward the hinged side of the box. From an examination of the drawings it will be seenthat the distance between edge resting upon and scooping up the earth,

which has preferably been previously loosened by the use of a plow or pick. After sufficient earth has accumulated in the box the rear end of lever F is released from the latch-loop e e and let down until the spur or tooth of the'lever engages with-the ratchet G. The horse or horsesmay then be started forward, when, the disk orplateEbeing connected with theratchetwheel G by the lever F, the plate and itsattached grooved hub or sleeve will rotate with the carrying-wheel B and wind up the lifting-chains, so as to elevate the dirt-box until the said plate and its grooved hub-have made nearly one complete revolution, when the spur. on the lever'F will enga e with and 8, thereby disconnecting the plate F from the ratchet G, so that the supporting wheel can continue its rotationwithout further liftingthedirt-box. Of course the pawlof the lever 42 should be kept in engagement with the ratchet wheel N, and thus support the dirtbox in its elevated position until it is transportedtothe place forlowering the body. By preference, during this time of transportation, we so distribute the earth 'withinthe dirt-box,

i by means of hoes or other implement, that on the outer face of the thill or shaft D of the the box shall be tilted upon its gudgeonsjj, as indicated 'in Fig. 4. By unlatching the latch Land unhooking or otherwise loosening the rear side of the dirt-box it will tilt and dump itself, as indicated in Fig. 5, and dump the earth. The front side of the box is heavy enough under ordinary circumstances, by reason of its front edge beingshod with metal, so

that when tilted back with its front edge the lowest, as in Fig. 1, it will remain there; and when it is desired to lower the box this can be done by disengaging the pawl of lever n from the ratchet-wheel N, the lever being provided with a brakeshoe,'n, which may be made to engage withplate E when the lever is disengaged from wheel N, and the chains on the front edge of the bottom of the box as it engages with the earth results in either bending the shafts downward, or pulling down so heavily upon the saddle or pad of the harness of the horse or mule as to operate very injuriously; and to this end we have devised one part of our invention, which relates to a novel arrangement of draft-chains O O' and their sliding hangers P P, whereby the draft of the horse or horses is applied through the medium of the chains 0, instead of through the shafts, the gudgeons on the sides of the dirt-box, and the chains or ties which suspend the front side of the box from the shafts, as is done in an earlier application,No. 132,284, of J N. Bodine, filed May 21, 1884.

By an examination of these drawings it will be seen that the plates, runners, or hangersP arefree to slide longitudinally relatively to the shafts D, and that the length of the chains 0 0 may be adjusted by means of the hookso 0, so that the draft of the horses is applied almost directly to the dirt-box, and at such an inclination relative to thesurface of the ground that in practice there will be very little, if any, downward thrust upon the front edge of the bottom board in excess of the upward pull or lift which is exerted by the chains 0 0, thus overcoming entirely the defect in operation which has been above referred to as existing in carts of earlier construction.

\Ve are aware that Patents No. 70,180 to Edson, and No. 82,295 to Day, show ratchetwheels and brakes in winding up'mechanisms under a construction and arrangement of parts resembling ours in many respects, and hence do not claim anything shown in those patents; but our devices for rotating the grooved tubular hub and for supporting said hub differ radically from anything shown in those earlier patents, as does also our construction of the lever n, its means for support, and the shoe which is attached to the lever and overhangs the grooved hub so as to engage with the circular plate E, which is at the end of the hub opposite to that which has the ratchet-wheel N formed upon it.

We are aware that hangers or runners substantially such as shown at P, and similarly mounted upon the bar Q, have been heretofore employed, but never, so far as we are aware, in combination with a dirt box which is mounted upon pivots, so that its front edge or side can rise and fall, and is therefore sub ject to being forced in a downward direction by being drawn through the soil which is to be excavated.

WVe do not wish to be limited to the exact construction and arrangement of hangers and inclined chains 0 O which we have shown in the drawings, because many modifications will suggest themselves to skilled mechanics, but have described and illustrated the best construction and arrangement now known to us for carrying out this part of our invention, which, of course, is applicable to dirt-carts in which the appliances for raising and lowering, for supporting in an elevated position for transportation, and for dumping vary greatly from those which we have shown.

We do not wish to be be limited to the exact form of winding mechanism which is represented by the plate E and its grooved sleeve mounted upon one of the axles of the supporting-wheels, because such winding mechanism might be somewhat modified, or might be mounted upon-the crank-axleor other part of the general frame-work of the machine and yet operate satisfactorily, and might be automatically thrown out of action whenever the dirt-box has been lifted to a predetermined height. So, also, a winding mechanism constructed and arranged substantially as shown in the drawings might be used in connection with devices for connecting it with the supporting-wheel without any automatic shipping mechanism, and yet be within the scope of our invention.

WVe are aware that it is old in self-loading carts to use a straight axle between the two carrying-wheels, the lifting-chains from the scoop or dirt-box being wound thereon, or upon two sheaves or grooved pulleys carried thereby, as the axle is made to revolve by engagement with one of the wheels; and that it is also old to employ, in combination with a cranked'shaft situated between the wheels, a

transverse shaft supporting two sheaves upon which the lifting-chains are wound as the said shaft is intermittently made to revolve by being brought into engagement with the wheels, and hence we disclaim such constructions 5 but we believe ourselves to be the first to employ, in a self-loading cart having a cranked axle so arranged that the dirt-box may be elevated between the wheels and above the hubs thereof, a winding-up mechanism mounted directly upon the axis of the wheels and adapted to be brought into engagement with the wheels intermittently, such construc- 'tion permitting us to dispense with any supplemental shaft upon which to wind the chains, and also permitting us to elevate the dirt-box without causing the axle to revolve, the winding-up mechanism in our case being mounted loosely upon the axle.

What we claim is- 1. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with a dirt-box, the supporting-wheels, an axle between the wheels, and lifting-chains, of a winding-up mechanism mounted loosely upon the axle and means for intermittently con necting the winding-up mechanism with one of the supporting-wheels, whereby the dirtbox may be raised without rotating the axle, substantially as set 'forth.

2. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with a dirt-box, the supporting-wheels, a cranked axle, and lifting-chains, ofaWinding-up mechanism mounted upon the, axis of revolution of the wheels and means for intermittently connecting the winding-up mechanism with .tween the wheels, and lifting-chains, of a winding-up mechanism mounted loosely upon the axle, means for intermittently connecting the winding-up mechanism with one of the supporting-wheels, and mechanism, substantially such as described, for automatically disconnecting the winding-up mechanism from the supportingwheel when the box has been elevated to a predetermined point, as set forth.

4. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with a dirt-box, the supporting-wheels, a cranked axle, and lifting-chains, of a winding-up mechanism mounted upon the axis of revolution of the wheels, means for intermittently connecting the winding-up mechanism with one of 'the supportingwheels, and mechanism, substantially such as described, for automalically disconnecting the winding up mechanism from the supporting-wheel when the box has been elevated to a predetermined point, as set forth.

5. In a dirt-cart, the combination of a dirtbox, a winding-up mechanism mounted upon one of the axles, means for connecting the winding-up mechanism with one of the supporting-wheels, a chain connected at its upper end to the winding-up mechanism and running thence down to the dirt-cart, and a chain connected at one end to the windingup mechanism, running thence above the axles of the supporting-wheels across the upper edges of the dirt-box, thence downwardly to the side of the dirt-box which is opposite to the winding up mechanism, substantially as set forth.

6. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with the dirt-box and the lifting-chains, of the sleeve loosely mounted upon the axle and having one end of each chain attached thereto, asupporting-wheel loosely mounted upon the same axle, a ratchet-wheel attached to and rotating with the supporting-wheel, and means for locking the supporting-Wheel to the sleeve which has the chains attached thereto, substantially as set forth. I

7. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with the dirt-box and the lifting-chains, of the ratchetwheel G, provided with the sleeve mounted upon the axle, the supportingwheel mounted upon the same sleeve and connected to the ratchet, the disk E and its hub mounted loosely upon the sleeve of the ratchet-Wheel, and means for connecting the plate with the ratchet-wheel, substantially as set forth.

8. In a dirt-cart, the combination .of the plate E, provided with a sleeve adapted to re ceive the lifting-chains, and with the ratchetwheel N, the plate G, attached to and rotating with one of the supporting-wheels, and the pawls engaging with the ratchet-wheels G and N, substantially as set forth.

9. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with the rising and falling hanger J, of the dirt-box pivoted in the lower end of the hanger, the latch-lever L, provided withthe' jaws Z Z and pivoted at its upper end to the hanger above the pivotal point of the dirt-box,and the stud h, affixed to the dirt-box and adapted'to en gage alternately with the jawsl Z of the latch lever, substantially as set forth.

10. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with the axle, the dirt-box, and the lifting-chains, of the. disk E, provided with the tubular hub, chain grooves, and ratchet wheel N, the ratchet-Wheel G, the locking-lever F, pivoted to the plate E, and the lever n, pivoted to the crank-axle and provided with the brake projecting over the chain-grooves and engaging with the plate E, substantially as set forth.

11. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with the plate E and ratchet G, of the lever F, pivoted to the plate E and adapted to engage with the ratchet G,-and means for holding the lever out of engagement with the ratchet,substantially as set forth.

12. In a dirt-cart, the combination, with the plate E and the ratchet G, of the lever F- and means for automatically releasing the lever'from engagement with the wheel ata predetermined point, substantially asset forth. 7 13. In a dirt cart, the combination of supporting-wheels, a dirt-box, means for raising and lowering the dirt-box, and draft-devices attached attheir rear ends to the front side of thedirt-box and running thence inan upward and forward direction to the thills, and means for connecting the forward upper ends of the draft devices to the thills loosely, so that the draft devices may have a forward and backward movement independently of the thills, substantially asset forth. i

14. In a dirt-cart, the combination'of supporting-wheels, a dirt-box pivoted below the wheels, so that its front edge can rise and fall, and draft devices attached at their rear ends to the front side of the dirt-box and running thence forward and upward-to the thills, and devices loosely connecting-the upper forward ends of the draft devices to the thills, so that the draft devices can move forward and backward independently of the thills, substantially as set forth.

15. In a dirt-cart, the combination of supporting-wheels, a dirt-box pivoted between the wheels, draft devices attached at their rear ends to the front of the dirt-box and running thence upward'and forward to the thills, sup porting chains H,'attached at their lower ends to the front of the box and adjustably connected at their upper ends to the thills, whereby the inclination of the box and the depth to which it shall dig may be regulated, and means for locking the chains after adjustment, substantially as set forth.

16. In a dirt-cart, the combination of supporting-wheels, the dirt-box pivoted between the wheels, the hangers P, the bars Q, and chains 0,-each chain attached at its-rea-r end to the dirt boX and at its front end adjusttween the wheels, the hangers P P,the chains ably connected to a hanger, P, substantially O O,the chains H H,and the roller K,Inountas set forth. ed upon the shafts, substantially as set forth. 17. In. a dirt-cart, the combination of the In testimony whereof we affix our signatures 5 supporting-wheels, the dirt-box pivoted bein presence oftwo witnesses.

tween the Wheels, the chains 0 O, the hangers J. NIXON BODINE. P P, and the chains H, substantially as set OBERLIN SMITH. forth. Witnesses:

18. In a dirt-cart, the combination of the -WM. E. POTTER,

1o supporting-Wheels, the dirt-box pivoted be- THos. W. TRENOHARD. 

